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Adaptive Reuse
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The conversion of a building for a use other than that which it was built for.
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Bay
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Any of a number of principle divisions of a wall, roof, or other part of a building marked off by vertical or transverse supports.
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Chicago School
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A group of U. S. architects active 1880-1910 and known for major innovations in high rise construction and for the development of modern commercial building design. Architecturally speaking, it was a style that suppressed classical ornament while using materials so as to express their inherent character and the nature of the building's structure.
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Classicism
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The principles of style characteristic of the culture, art and literature of ancient Greece and Rome.
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Corbel
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A brick or stone projecting from within a wall, usually to support a weight.
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Cornice
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A continuous, molded projection that crowns a wall or other construction, or divides it horizontally for compositional purposes.
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Curtain Wall
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An exterior wall supported wholly by the structural frame of a building and carrying no loads other than its own weight and wind loads.
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Ecole des Beaux-Arts
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Founded in 1671 as the Royal Academy of Architecture, the school was reorganized and named the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in 1819. A governmental school, its curriculum emphasized reason, correctness, and logical planning. Its students learned through competition to analyze the parts of a plan and put them together logically. The classically influenced facades were the reflection of a successful plan and their traditional styles were never influenced by passing architectural fancy or structural theory.
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Facade
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The front of a building or its sides facing a public way or space, especially one distinguished by its architectural treatment.
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Finial
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A relatively small, usually foliated ornament terminating the peak of a spire or pinnacle.
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High Victorian
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A term that refers to the Italianate, Second Empire (including Eastlake, Queen Anne, and Victorian Gothic), Richardson Romanesque, and vernacular Victorian styles. A very eclectic and decorative period in Gothic revival characterized by rapid changes of style as a consequence of the controversy and technological innovations of the time.
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Hood Mold
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A projecting molding over the arch of a window or door, especially in interior work.
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Lintel
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A beam supporting the weight above a door or window opening.
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Load Bearing Wall
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A wall capable of supporting an imposed load, as from a floor or roof of a building.
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Mansard Roof
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A roof having on each side a steeper lower part and a shallower upper part.
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Masonry
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Building with units of various natural or manufactured products, as stone, brick, or concrete block, usually with the use of mortar as a bonding agent.
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Mixed Use
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Two different uses, usually commercial and residential in the same building.
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Monitor Window
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A raised construction straddling the ridge of the roof, having windows or louvers for lighting or ventilating a building.
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Ogee
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A pointed arch, each haunch of which is a double curve with the concave side uppermost.
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Parapet
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A low, protective wall at the edge of a terrace, balcony, or roof, especially that part of an exterior wall, fire wall, or party wall that rises above the roof.
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Pediment
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A wide, low-pitched gable surmounting a colonnade or a major division of a facade.
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Pier
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A vertical supporting structure, as a section of wall between two openings or one supporting the end of an arch or lintel.
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String Course
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A horizontal course of brick or stone flush with or projecting beyond the face of a building, often molded to mark a division in the wall.
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Sullivanesque
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Of or belonging to the architectural style of renowned Chicago architect Louis Sullivan.
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Terra Cotta
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A hard, fired clay, reddish-brown in color when unglazed, used for architectural facings and ornaments, tile units, and pottery.
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